London‑level outcomes (LLOs) are statements that describe the broad outcomes the Mayor of London is aiming to achieve for the benefit of the city and its residents.
Each chapter in this report is structured around one or more London‑level outcome, and their core & supplementary indicators.
London-level outcomes index
If you are looking for a particular London-level outcome, we have indexed the report contents by LLOs and their indicators below:
Global city and Culture
LLO: London is a world-leading global city
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
LLO: London is an attractive and high-quality destination for visitors
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
LLO: Londoners feel able to take part in the city’s cultural life
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
Economy
LLO: Stable, long-term economic growth benefits all Londoners
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
- Change in economic output by industry
- Business births and closures
- Consumer and business sentiment in London
LLO: Londoners have access to good work
Core indicators:
LLO: High streets and town centres are thriving across London
Core indicators:
- High streets and town centres with increased visitor footfall
- High streets and town centres with increased spend
- Vacancy rates for London high streets and town centres, 2025
Supplementary indicators:
Skills
LLO: Londoners have the skills they need to improve their lives
Core indicators:
- People with no qualifications
- People with a Level 3 or above qualification
- Outcomes for Further Education (FE) learners in London
Supplementary indicators:
LLO: London’s economy has the skills it needs to thrive
Core indicators:
- Employers' views on the proficiency of their workforce
- Skills shortage vacancies
- Employer provision of training
Supplementary indicators:
Social Justice
LLO: Londoners’ incomes meet their everyday needs
Core indicators:
LLO: Londoners are treated fairly and with dignity
Core indicators:
LLO: Londoners can have their say in the running of the city
Core indicators:
LLO: Londoners get on with and support each other
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
Housing
LLO: Londoners live in homes they can afford
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
LLO: Londoners’ homes are safe and decent
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
LLO: Londoners are not homeless
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
LLO: Londoners live in neighbourhoods that are well planned and designed
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
Children and young people
LLO: Children and young Londoners achieve the health and learning outcomes they need to thrive at every stage of development
Core indicators:
- Prevalence of obesity in children
- Children’s self-reported happiness with life
- School readiness at age 5
- Average Attainment 8 score (Key Stage 4/GCSE)
LLO: Children and young Londoners are safe from harm
Core indicators:
LLO: Children and young Londoners have the positive opportunities needed to be successful
Core indicators:
- Young people Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET)
- Achievement of Level 3 qualifications by age 19
Supplementary indicators:
Health
LLO: Londoners live in a city that supports their mental and physical health
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
LLO: Londoners have access to a health and care system that supports them when they need it
Core indicators:
- Premature death from cardiovascular disease
- Premature death from cancer
- Public satisfaction with the NHS
- Users’ satisfaction with social care
Environment
LLO: London is a net zero carbon city
Core indicators:
Supplementary indicators:
- Energy efficiency ratings of new and existing homes, London
- Renewable electricity generation in London
- Household waste recycling rate
LLO: Londoners are breathing clean air
Core indicators:
- Nitrogen dioxide at the roadside and urban background
- Particulate matter (PM₂.₅) at the roadside and urban background
LLO: Londoners can enjoy green and wild spaces across the capital
Core indicators:
LLO: London is resilient to extreme weather and the impacts of climate change
Core indicators:
- Heat-associated deaths
- Number of days in emergency measures, Drought level 3 and above
- Number of properties flooded in London per year
Transport
LLO: London’s transport system enables everyone to get to where they want to go safely, sustainably, reliably and affordably
Core indicators:
Related measures:
- Travel demand by mode
- Active travel
- Safety on London’s roads
- Accessibility of the transport network
- Quality of the bus network
Crime
LLO: London is a safe city
Related measures:
- Total Notifiable Offences (TNOs)
- Violence with Injury
- Victimisation rate
- Proven reoffending rate
- Worried about Crime
- Trust in the Metropolitan Police Service
- Satisfaction level of reporting victims